A study of users in Northern Ireland found they did not equate the fact that mephedrone was legal with it being safe to use. The users were also asked to compare the "risk", and they answered that it was equal. In a survey of UK users who had previously taken cocaine, most users found it produced a better-quality and longer-lasting high and was less addictive. Of 70 Dutch users of mephedrone, 58 described it as an overall pleasant experience and 12 described it as an unpleasant experience. Users have reported that mephedrone causes euphoria, stimulation, an enhanced appreciation for music, an elevated mood, decreased hostility, improved mental function and mild sexual stimulation these effects are similar to the effects of cocaine, amphetamines and MDMA, and last different amounts of time depending on the way the drug is taken. This classification was made permanent in July 2012 with the passage of the Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act (SDAPA). In September 2011, the US temporarily classified mephedrone as a Schedule I drug, effective October 2011. In Australia, New Zealand and the United States, it is considered an analog of other illegal drugs and can be controlled by laws similar to the US Federal Analog Act. In 2010, it was made illegal in many European countries and in December 2010, the EU ruled it illegal. Mephedrone was first made illegal in Israel in 2008, followed by Sweden later that year. By 2000, mephedrone was reported to be available for sale on the internet, by 2008 law enforcement agencies had become aware of the compound, and by 2010, it had been reported in most of Europe, becoming particularly prevalent in the United Kingdom. Mephedrone was first synthesised in 1929, but did not become widely known until it was rediscovered in 1999–2000 at which point it was legal to produce and possess in many countries. The metabolism of mephedrone has been studied in rats and humans and the metabolites can be detected in urine after usage. In addition to its stimulant effects, mephedrone produces side effects, of which bruxism is the most common. It comes in the form of tablets or crystals, which users can swallow, snort or inject, producing effects similar to those of MDMA, amphetamines and cocaine. It is chemically similar to the cathinone compounds found in the khat plant of eastern Africa. Slang names include drone, M-CAT, White Magic, meow meow, bubble, txomin and yurrpt. Mephedrone, also known as 4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC, and 4-methylephedrone, is a synthetic stimulant drug of the amphetamine and cathinone classes.
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